Appendix 2 — Expression Operators

Operator table

Operators in precedence order, lowest to highest. Operators at the same precedence level are left-associative.

Operator	Operation	Precedence
|	bitwise OR	1 (lowest)
^	bitwise XOR	2
&	bitwise AND	3
<<	left shift	4
>>	right shift	4
+	add	5
-	subtract	5
*	multiply	6
/	integer divide	6
%	modulo	6 (highest binary)

Unary operators (highest precedence): + (identity), - (negate), ~ (bitwise NOT). Parentheses group sub-expressions and override precedence.

All expressions are evaluated by the assembler before the binary is written.

Numeric literal formats

AZM accepts eight numeric literal forms. They can be mixed within one expression.

Form	Example	Base	Notes
$ prefix	$FF, $0100	hex	Bare $, or $ before a non-hex character, is the current assembly address
0x prefix	0xFF, 0x2A	hex	prefix is case-insensitive
Trailing H/h	0FFH, 02Ah	hex	must start with a decimal digit; FFH parses as a symbol name
% prefix	%10101010, %1111	binary
0b prefix	0b10101010, 0b1111	binary	prefix is case-insensitive
Trailing B/b	10101010B, 10b	binary
Plain decimal	42, 255, 0	decimal
Quoted character	'A', "Z"	ASCII value	single character; valid in any expression context

Trailing-H rule: the token must begin with a decimal digit (0–9). 0FFH is hex 255. FFH starts with a letter, so the parser reads it as a symbol name. The forms $FF and 0FFH force hexadecimal interpretation.

% has two roles: a % at the start of a value is a binary literal prefix; a % between two expressions is the modulo operator.